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Establishing distinctive theories and methods of design science rooted in Chinese traditional culture

Huijun ZOU, Qinghua LIANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第15卷第3期页码 430-437 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0583-5

摘要： The human social development saw the formation of five unique civilizations, with the latter forming their own distinctive cultures. China’s traditional culture is its most fundamental ideological weapon for solving problems. The Chinese are good at comprehensive thinking, dialectical thinking, and systematic analysis. These ideological weapons can solve the problems of formal science and technology and create scientific and technological achievements on par with global advanced scale. Ancient China is filled with original scientific and technological achievements, which strongly prove ancient China’s possession of its own science and technology different from that of Western Renaissance. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of science, technology, experience, and intuition is necessary. The long-held superstition regarding the West, the lack of confidence, self-denial, blind imitation of ideas, and shackles must be thrown away. Only then can we take the road toward an authentic Chinese creative design as we learn from others.

关键词： traditional Chinese culture comprehensive thinking systematic analysis Needham’s Grand Question ancient Chinese scientific and technological achievements design driving innovation design theoretical thinking design dialectical methods

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中药大健康产业发展机遇与战略思考

张伯礼,张俊华,陈士林,段金廒,黄璐琦,孙晓波,屠鹏飞,叶祖光,瞿海斌,魏建和,赵大庆,徐雅娟,薛晓娟

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第2期页码 16-20 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.003

摘要：

随着经济社会发展，人们对健康服务的需求快速增长。中医药是我国独具特色的健康资源，也是潜力巨大的经济资源。中医药健康服务主要包括养生、保健、医疗、康复等，但核心是以中药相关产品为主体的健康服务供给。随着中药现代化进程的推进，也促进了中药大健康产业的悄然形成，形成了涉及中药种植，产品研发、生产、流通、销售在内的跨行业、跨区域的产业链，并具有调整产业结构、增加就业、农民增收、服务医改、惠及民生及保护生态等综合优势。本文介绍了中药大健康产业发展的现状，分析存在的问题和不足，提出了一个战略中心（以服务健康需求为中心），两个战略重点（规划监管、提质增效），四个发展方向（规范种植、新品研发、商贸物流、国际发展）和六项重点任务。

关键词：大健康大健康产业中药中药现代化

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Whole-life Thinking and Engineering the Future

Roger Flanagan

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第3期页码 290-296 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014040

摘要： Whole-life thinking for engineers working on the built environment has become more important in a fast changing world. Whole-life thinking is not new, every project attempts to balance the initial capital cost with the operating and maintenance cost of an asset. Engineers are increasingly concerned with complex systems, in which the parts interact with each other and with the outside world in many ways — the relationships between the parts determine how the system behaves. Systems thinking provides one approach to developing a more robust whole-life approach. Systems thinking is a process of understanding how things influence one another within a wider perspective. Complexity, chaos, and risk are endemic in all major projects. New approaches are needed to produce more reliable whole-life predictions. Best value, rather than lowest cost, can be achieved by using whole-life appraisal as a part of the design and delivery strategy.

关键词： whole-life thinking systems thinking complexity chaos risk management through life

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论创造性思维

冯国瑞

《中国工程科学》 2004年第6卷第6期页码 15-21

摘要：

文章首先阐明了创新与创造的联系与区别，然后重点论述了创造性思维的界定、创造性思维的运演机制、创造性思维的重大意义以及全面提高思维主体综合素质等问题。

关键词：创新创造创造性思维思维主体思维客体

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Strategic Thinking on Shallow-water Oil and Gas Exploration in Offshore China

Ke-qiang Wu,Jian-yong Xu,Bo Kang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第4期页码 349-355 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016056

摘要： The oil and gas exploration in offshore China has made great achievements, and as the important areas of offshore exploration, the shallow waters contribute most of the oil and gas reserves and production. However, the available area for exploration is diminishing and the cost of exploration is rising. The field changes and ever increasing difficulties of exploration bring new challenges technically and economically. Therefore, for effective exploration of shallow-water oil and gas in offshore China, it is necessary to center on the general requirements of becoming a powerful marine country and the ideas of value exploration, initiate key research projects in the fields of China’s offshore stratigraphic-lithologic reserves, Paleogene reserves, buried-hill reserves, high temperature and pressure reserves and hydrocarbon-rich sags, and form geological theories and explorative technologies of large and medium size oil and gas field in offshore China. The measures regarding the challenges include: (1) Innovating theoretical understanding and optimizing new exploration fields, (2) developing technical capabilities and improving the success rate of exploration, and (3) enhancing management level and deepening value exploration.

关键词： offshore China shallow-water oil and gas exploration strategic thinking challenge countermeasure

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Calling systematic thinking in addressing water security issues

Jining CHEN, Pengfei DU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第5期页码 625-625 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0564-6

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From systematicness to complexity: Fundamental thinking of mega-project management

Zhaohan SHENG, Han LIN

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第1期页码 125-127 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018001

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思维的两重性及其向创造性思维的转化纪念钱学森院士《关于思维科学》发表15周年

梁桂明

《中国工程科学》 2003年第5卷第2期页码 26-34

摘要：

进入21世纪的新时代，带来与思维相关的两个特征：创新与共融。关于创新，如何激发创造性思维？成为热门的话题。从唯物辩证法的哲学的认识论和真理的相对性的高度来探索，发现任何一种思维形式（包括演绎法思维和定势-习惯思维）都具有两重性，即非创造性与创造性并存，在一定条件下，非创造性思维可以转化或激发为创造性思维，产生新知识，获得创新成果。关于共融，如何进行思维的界定和分类，有许多种说法。笔者把心理学与生理学的成果融合起来，形成两大类，即左半脑主导的理性思维和右半脑主导的悟性思维。其基本的思维形式的分类与思维的大类结合，成为两大类7种。把辩证法和共融结合，得到下列结论：理性思维与感性思维的统一，原有知识与新知识的统一，设想与验证的统一，发现与发明的统一，科学（真感）与艺术（美感）的统一。对最后一个结论，笔者以工业产品造型设计原理的探索为例加以说明。此原理在工业设计上属首次推出。

关键词：创造性思维转化条件知识的相对性融合

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钱学森与思维科学

卢明森

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第2期页码 8-15

摘要：

文章分析了钱学森倡导建立思维科学的背景和必要性，介绍了钱学森关于思维科学研究的对象、基本道路、思想来源的一系列论述，阐述了钱学森倡导建立的思维科学是现代科学技术体系中的11个大部门之一，它包含基础科学、技术科学与工程技术三个层次，分别介绍了各个层次近20年来所取得的初步成果。

关键词：认知科学思维科学抽象思维形象思维创造性思维模式识别

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深度IA双向智能 Personal View

Lei XU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第21卷第4期页码 558-562 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900541

摘要：概述了一个深度双向智能框架。由底向上方向有两个行为，一是获取信息形成适当的模式表示，二是抽象—自组织认知，简记为“A-S认知”，将输入模式抽象为概念，由一个标签表示，并通过自组织学习以理解模式构成的层次表示。而顶层内域中的行为统称为“A-I思维”，包含积累、融合、归纳、和灵感等。由顶向下方向也有两个行为，一个简称“I-S推理”，进行推理和综合，执行各种形象思维和问题求解任务，另一个是与环境交互，执行控制、通讯和检验的任务。在这个双向智能框架基础上，探讨了进行综合推理的可能性。

关键词：抽象；最小均方误差重建自组织学习（Lmser）；认知；形象思维；抽象思维；综合推理

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Advanced purification and comprehensive utilization of yellow phosphorous off gas

Ping NING,Xiangyu WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第2期页码 181-189 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0698-1

摘要： Yellow phosphorous is an important raw material in the chemical industry. However, during the production of yellow phosphorous, high concentrations of carbon monoxide and other impurities are released. Without appropriate purification and removal, this off gas has potential to cause severe pollution problems once released. Purified yellow phosphorous off gas can be beneficially reused as a raw material in chemical production for synthesis of high value-added chemical reagents. In this paper, the significance of purification and reutilization of yellow phosphorous off gas are explored. The principles, processes, and main characteristics of the technologies for purification and reuse of yellow phosphorus off gas (including technical measurements of impurity reduction, relevant engineering cases, and public acceptance of the technologies) are summarized. In view of the existing problems and scientific development requirements, this paper proposes several recommendations for green production based on the concept of recycle economics. We conclude that advanced purification and comprehensive reutilization can be an effective solution for heavy pollution resulting from yellow phosphorous off gassing.

关键词： yellow phosphorous off gas purification comprehensive utilization

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Systems thinking in construction: Improving the productivity and performance of infrastructure projects

Peter E.D. LOVE, Hanbin LUO

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第3期页码 285-288 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018205

摘要：

关键词： valign= top class= J_zhaiyao

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A Comprehensive Evaluation of Policy Effectiveness for Energy Efficiency in Existing Buildings

Xing Wei,Han-ding Guo

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第4期页码 341-347 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014060

摘要： The healthy and stable development of energy efficiencies in existing buildings cannot be separated from effective policy operation, and evaluating policy effectiveness contributes to scientifically-sound government decision-making. This paper creates an evaluation index system and a grey comprehensive evaluation model for policy effectiveness for energy efficiency in existing buildings using three dimensions: 1) the effect of the policy itself; 2) the administrative effect of the policy; and 3) policy implementation effects. It chooses the government’s subsidy policy and preferential tax policy at market cultivation stage for its empirical comparative evaluation. The evaluation indicates that the former is more effective. Finally, it puts forward policy development suggestions from the perspective of: 1) clarifying incentive object; 2) broadening incentive scope; 3) increasing incentive intensity; and 4) innovating incentive mode.

关键词： grey comprehensive evaluation existing buildings energy efficiency policies effectiveness

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A comprehensive information database (CID) of breast cancer patients in China

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第2期页码 212-216 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0185-7

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Strategic Thinking on a Revolution/an Evolution in Production and Consumption of Energy in China

Ke-chang Xie,Ke Liu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第1期页码 30-36 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014006

摘要： This article summarizes the thinking behind the call for a revolution/an evolution in China's energy production and consumption. China is still a developing country, though it has experienced fast economic growth in the past thirty years. It achieved great accomplishments surprising the world, and it is also confronted with challenges on energy supply and environmental protection. As environmental pollution becomes more and more serious, the energy challenges have become more and more complicated. With this in mind, the authors analyzed China's energy situation, China's energy supply and consumption, the world energy map, China's commitment both to improving its domestic environment and fulfilling its international obligations to control climate change. Action plans are presented to support the call for a revolution/an evolution in China's energy production and consumption as an effective assurance for China's ambitious goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

关键词： revolution evolution energy production consumption